Foucault's Definition of Parrhêsia and Its Relation to Rhêtorikê
In this article, Foucault's approach to the concept of parrhêsia will be examined, highlighting that this concept actually possesses a dual aspect like rhêtorikê and can be used both positively and negatively, and sometimes can even resemble rhêtorikê. Therefore, parrhêsia can also be seen as a part of rhêtorikê. Foucault, in some of the sources supporting his thoughts on parrhêsia, overlooked the connection of this concept with rhêtorikê, and even omitted discussing the thoughts of who established this connection. In this article, Foucault's explanation of parrhêsia will be analysed and it will be argued that, contrary to his approach, parrhêsia is not in direct opposition to rhêtorikê, and that this duality in rhêtorikê can also be seen in parrhêsia depending on the way it is used. By drawing attention to the characteristics that Foucault doesn’t mention for parrhêsia, it will be discussed why he needs such a distinction.
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