The Philosophy of Lakatos and Historiography: The Example of The Timar System Dysfunctionalization
The Middle Ages is described as a period in which freedom of thought and creativity was restricted, especially for Europe. However, these restrictions could not prevent creativity in philosophy, arts and many other fields, as well as the innovations which emerged implicitly paved the way for the Renaissance. One of the fields of creativity in question is the philosophy of music, and it was thought that a study on this field would help better understand the idea of music in the Middle Ages. In line with this idea, it is planned to conduct a study on the philosophy of music in the Patristic Period, which covers the early times of the era. The aim of this research is to examine the music philosophy of the Patristic Period by referring to the thoughts Augustine and Boethius, who contributed the most to the field of music aesthetics in this period.. In the light of this purpose, the ideas about music in the selected books of the two philosophers were compiled, explained and discussed. It has been seen that the ideas of both philosophers have traces of the ancient philosophers Pythagoras and Plato with their emphasis on science and reason, but Augustine’s ideas were mostly synthesized with the idea of Christianity, while Boethius’s ideas were more secular. Philosophers also conveyed original thought on existence, content and impact of music.
- Agibalova, Y. V. & Donskoy, G. M. (2017). Ortaçağ Tarihi. (Çev. Ç. Sümer). İstanbul: Yordam Yayınları.
- Akan, N. (2015). Boethius ve Müzik. Akdeniz Sanat Dergisi, 8 (16), 1-11.
- Akyürek, E. (1994). Ortaçağ’dan Yeniçağ’a Felsefe ve Sanat. İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınevi.
- Augustinus. (1947). On Music. The Fathers of the Church (Çev. R. C. Taliaferro). Washington: Catholic University of America Press.
- Augustinus. (1997). The Confessions. (Çev. M. Boulding). New York: New City Press.
- Augustinus. (2010). İtiraflar. (Çev. Ç. Dürüşken). İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınevi.
- Boethius, A. M. S. (1989). Fundamentals of Music. (Çev. C. M. Bower). USA: Yale University Press.
- Boethius, A. M. S. (2022). Felsefenin Tesellisi. (Çev. Ç. Dürüşken). İstanbul: Alfa Yayınları.
- Breivik, M. (2004). A Twentieth-Century musica instrumentalis: Boethius and Augustine in the Musical Thoughts of Paul Hindemith. Signs of Change: Transformations of Christian Traditions and Representation in the Arts, 1000-2000. (Eds. N. H. Petersen, C. Clüver, & N. Bell). Amsterdam: Editions Rodopi, 217-234.
- Brennan, B. (1988). Augustine's De musica. Vigiliae Christianae, (42) 3, 267-281.
- Cevizci, A. (2011). Ortaçağ Felsefesi Tarihi. İstanbul: Asa Kitabevi.
- Chamberlain, D. S. (1970). Philosophy of Music in the Consolatio of Boethius. Speculum, 45 (1), 80-97.
- Cohen, D. (2015). Music: Its Language, History, and Culture. USA: CUNY Brooklyn College.
- Çotuksöken, B. & Babür, S. (1993). Ortaçağda Felsefe. İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınevi.
- Donald, J. (Ed.). (1874). Chambers’s Etymological Dictionary of the English Language. Edinburg: W&R Chamber.
- Eco, U. (2016). Ortaçağ Estetiğinde Sanat ve Güzellik. (Çev. K. Atakay). İstanbul: Can Yayınları.
- Fubini, E. (2014). Müzikte Estetik. (Çev. F. Genç). Ankara: Dost Kitabevi.
- Hughes, D. A. (1954). New Oxford History of Music. Vol. 2: Early Medieval Music Up to 1300. London: Oxford University Press.
- Kenny, A. (2017). Ortaçağ Felsefesi. (Çev. Ş. Yılmaz). İstanbul: Küre Yayınları.
- Mimaroğlu, İ. (1995). Müzik Tarihi. İstanbul: Varlık Yayınları.
- Pickstock, C. (1998b). Music: Soul, City and Cosmos After Augustine. Radical Orthodoxy. (Eds, J. Milbank, C. Pickstock and G. Ward). London: Routledge, 243-277
- Rousseau, J.-J. (1975). A Complete Dictionary of Music. (Çev. W. Waring). New York: AMS Press.
- Schrade, L. (1947). Music in the Philosophy of Boethius. The Musical Quarterly, 33 (2), 188-200.
- Rubiś, W. & Tendera, P. (2014). The Practical and Didactic Aspects of St Augustine's Philosophy of Music. The Polish Journal of the Arts and Culture, 12 (4), 77-89.
- Woodcock, E. (1943). The Influence of Boethius on Musical Thought. Bulletin of the American Musicological Society, (7), 30-32.